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Cannabidiol has very low affinity for the cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors but acts as an indirect antagonist of these receptors.[23][24]It may potentiate THC's effects by increasing CB1 receptor density or through another CB1 receptor-related mechanism.[25] Cannabidiol may also extend the duration of the effects of THC via inhibition of the cytochrome P450, CYP3A and CYP2Cenzymes.[26][unreliable source?]

Cannabidiol has been found to act as an antagonist of GPR55, a G protein-coupled receptor and putative cannabinoid receptor that is expressed in the caudate nucleus and putamen in the brain.[27] It has also been shown to act as a 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist,[28]and this action may be involved in the antidepressant,[29][30] anxiolytic,[30][31] and neuroprotective[32][33] effects of cannabidiol. It is an allosteric modulator of the μ- and δ-opioid receptors as well.[34] Cannabidiol's pharmacological effects have additionally been attributed to PPARγ agonism and intracellular calcium release.[6]

Research suggests that CBD may exert some of its pharmacological action through its inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), which may in turn increase the levels of endocannabinoids, such as anandamide, produced by the body.[6] It has also been speculated that some of the metabolites of CBD have pharmacological effects that contribute to the biological activity of CBD.[35]